在大量退伍军人中感染COVID-19后三年,癌症发病率降低
Jerry Bradley1, Fei Tang2, Natasha M Resendes1,2
1Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America.
PloS one
|August 25, 2025
概括
在最初的疫情浪潮中,COVID-19感染与美国退伍军人的癌症风险降低了25%. 这一发现表明病毒感染与癌症发病率之间存在潜在的相互作用,需要进一步调查.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 传染性疾病
- 流行病学
背景情况:
- COVID-19 对癌症发病率的影响尚不清楚,可能会增加或减少风险.
- 之前的研究表明病毒感染可以通过免疫系统调节影响癌症的发展.
- 这项研究调查了大量退伍军人的COVID-19感染和随后的癌症诊断之间的联系.
研究的目的:
- 确定COVID-19感染与美国退伍军人的癌症发病率之间的联系.
- 为量化COVID-19诊断后患癌症的风险.
- 探索可能影响这种关联的人口因素.
主要方法:
- 在第一波 (2020年3月至11月) 期间诊断出COVID-19的美国退伍军人的回顾性队列研究.
- 在COVID-19阳性和阴性患者群体之间比较癌症发病率.
- 考克斯比例危险回归模型用于计算三年后续期间的危险比率.
- 调整包括年龄,种族,性别,BMI,吸烟状态和VHA系统活动.
主要成果:
- 这项研究包括499,396名患者;其中17.2%的COVID-19检测结果呈阳性.
- COVID-19 幸存者显示癌症风险降低了 25% (HR=0.75,95% CI:0.73-0.77).
- 这种风险降低在性别和种族之间是一致的,在亚洲人中有一个显著的例外.
- 随着年龄的增长超过45岁,癌症发病率的风险进一步下降.
结论:
- 在第一波疫情期间的COVID-19诊断与三年来癌症发病率的降低有关.
- 在大多数人口群体中观察到的癌症风险降低是一致的.
- 建议进行进一步的前性研究,以阐明这种相互作用的潜在机制.
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