历史上最热的一年加剧了全球生物多样性风险
Cory Merow1,2,3, Brian S Maitner1,2,4, Andreas Schwarz Meyer5
1Eversource Energy Center, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06066.
概括
2024年是有记录以来最热的一年,每六种脊椎动物中就有1种在它们的25%以上的息地面临前所未有的热量暴露. 这种令人担忧的趋势凸显了气候变化对全球生物多样性的日益严重影响,
科学领域:
- 生态与环境科学
- 气候变化生物学
- 保护科学
背景情况:
- 加速气候变化迫切需要对生物多样性进行监测和管理.
- 全球气温正在上升,2024年将是有史以来最热的一年.
- 了解物种对极端高温的影响对于评估气候变化影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定在2024年遭受前所未有的高温影响的脊椎动物物种.
- 评估创纪录的气温对全球生物多样性的潜在影响.
- 使用物种暴露数据为保护策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对2024年的全球温度数据与历史记录进行分析.
- 在超过3万3000种脊椎动物的范围中对前所未有的热量暴露的评估.
- 对2023年至2024年间的物种暴露数据进行比较,以确定复合风险.
主要成果:
- 2024年,六分之一 (5,368) 的脊椎动物物种经历了超过25%的前所未有的高温.
- 与2023年相比,物种暴露增加了68%.
- 在2023年暴露的81%的物种也暴露在2024年,这表明风险加剧.
- 广泛分布的物种首次经历了超过10%的极端温度.
结论:
- 创纪录的2024年气温显著增加了全球脊椎动物物种前所未有的热量暴露.
- 增加热量暴露的风险威胁着生物多样性,特别是连续几年受影响的物种.
- 对物种暴露的估计对于制定有针对性的监测和减缓战略至关重要,以应对气候变化对生物多样性的影响.
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