预测埃塞俄比亚新生儿死亡率以评估使用古典技术和深度学习实现国家和国际减少目标的进展:时间序列预测研究
1Department of Health Informatics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Dessie, Ethiopia, 251 940219818.
Online journal of public health informatics
|August 25, 2025
概括
埃塞俄比亚不太可能在2025年和2030年实现新生儿死亡率目标. 迫切需要卫生系统干预以加速新生儿死亡率的下降.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 卫生信息学
- 时间序列分析
背景情况:
- 新生儿死亡率是医疗系统响应能力的关键指标.
- 埃塞俄比亚的目标是到2030年将新生儿死亡率降至每1000名新生儿中的12名,到2025年将降至每1000名新生儿中的21名.
- 社会经济和环境因素对母亲和新生儿的健康状况产生重大影响.
研究的目的:
- 将经典时间序列模型与深度学习模型进行比较,用于预测埃塞俄比亚的新生儿死亡率.
- 预测埃塞俄比亚是否能够实现其国家和国际新生儿死亡率减少目标.
- 预测2021年至2030年的新生儿死亡率.
主要方法:
- 使用了世界银行1990年至2020年的数据.
- 应用自回归集成移动平均 (ARIMA),双指数平滑,多层感知子,卷积神经网络 (CNN) 和长短期记忆 (LSTM) 模型.
- 使用R2,平均绝对百分比误差 (MAPE) 和根平均平方误差 (RMSE) 评估模型性能.
主要成果:
- 双指数光滑模型显示出优异的性能 (R2=99.94%,MAPE=0.002,RMSE=0.0748).
- 在评估的模型中,CNN模型表现最差 (R2=93.71%,RMSE=0.79).
- 预计2025年新生儿死亡率为每1000名新生儿中的23.20,2030年为每1000名新生儿中的19.8%.
结论:
- 目前的趋势表明,埃塞俄比亚将无法实现2025年和2030年的新生儿死亡率目标.
- 紧急加强卫生系统对于加速降低新生儿死亡率至关重要.
- 需要共同努力改善新生儿和儿童健康服务以实现目标.
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