通过高脂肪饮食对脂肪细胞中的雌激素受体进行表观遗传编程
Rui Wu1, Fenfen Li2, Shirong Wang2
1School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
JCI insight
|August 26, 2025
概括
高脂肪饮食增加了白色脂肪组织中雌激素受体α (Esr1) 基因的DNA甲基化,恶化了炎症和胰岛素抵抗. 减少这种甲基化可以改善小鼠的代谢健康.
科学领域:
- 代谢疾病
- 表观遗传学
- 肥胖研究
背景情况:
- 脂肪性炎症是肥胖中代谢功能障碍的核心原因.
- 像DNA甲基化这样的表观遗传修饰将环境因素与疾病联系起来.
- 雌激素受体α (Esr1) 信号传递对脂肪组织功能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究高脂肪饮食对白色脂肪组织 (WAT) 的DNA甲基化的影响.
- 阐明Esr1促进体中的DNA甲基化在HFD诱导的代谢异常中的作用.
- 探索针对Esr1促进体甲基化的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 减少代表性的二硫酸盐测序以分析WAT中的DNA甲基组变化.
- 在WAT中研究了DNA甲基转移酶 (DNMT1,DNMT3a) 的表达和活性.
- 使用脂肪细胞特异性的Dnmt1和Dnmt3a淘汰小鼠模型.
- 使用CRISPR/RNA引导系统在体内专门去甲基化Esr1促进体.
主要成果:
- HFD显著增加了Esr1促进体的DNA甲基化,与Esr1表达的降低相关.
- HFD增加了DNMT1和DNMT3a的表达以及它们与WAT中的Esr1促进剂的结合.
- 脂肪细胞特异性的Dnmt1缺乏改善了HFD诱导的脂肪炎症和改善的胰岛素敏感性.
- 针对Esr1促进剂的脱甲基化降低了脂肪炎症,提高了HFD食小鼠的胰岛素敏感性.
结论:
- 在Esr1促进体的DNA甲基化是肥胖症脂肪炎症的关键调节剂.
- 对于与肥胖相关的胰岛素耐药性,表观遗传调节提供了一个潜在的治疗策略.
- 这项研究强调了饮食,表观遗传和代谢健康之间的动态相互作用.
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