砍伐木材破坏了河源中的分子生态
Erika C Freeman1,2, Erik J S Emilson3,4, Kara L Webster3
1Ecosystems and Global Change Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, United Kingdom.
概括
伐木可显著增加河流中的溶解有机物 (DOM),改变其分子结构至少两年. 这种森林采伐行为影响碳循环,应纳入林业碳核算.
科学领域:
- 林业科学
- 环境化学
- 水文学
背景情况:
- 全球对木材产品的需求推动了森林砍伐的增加.
- 伐木对土壤溶解有机物 (DOM) 流向水生生态系统的影响还没有得到充分研究.
- 在水生系统中,DOM更容易以碳形式释放到大气中.
研究的目的:
- 调查伐木如何影响头部水流中的DOM度和分子组成.
- 评估在水生生态系统中由伐木引发的 DOM 变化的持续性.
- 量化采伐对溶解有机碳 (DOC) 流量的影响.
主要方法:
- 在加拿大安大略省北部进行了三年的前后冲击实验.
- 在没有冰的季节,每月测量DOM度和分子组成.
- 使用超高分辨率质谱分析了DOM的化学特性.
主要成果:
- 在采伐后的头两个月,河流DOM度增加了四倍.
- DOM分子组成的变化持续了至少两年.
- 记录的流显示DOM更适合微生物使用,并且具有化学多样性,包括新型化合物.
结论:
- 采伐增加了水文连接,使得河流DOM的组成类似于土壤DOM.
- 选择性伐木增加了约6.4%的木材碳溶解有机碳 (DOC) 流.
- 林业碳核算,包括自然气候解决方案,必须考虑DOM从陆地到水域的运输.
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