幼儿对数值和空间尺度的灵活注意力与早期数学技能之间的关联
Mary C Wagner1, Marissa Brown1, Molly K Griffin1
1University of Dayton.
概括
幼儿在数字和空间信息之间灵活转移注意力的能力预示着早期的数学技能. 这种灵活的注意力对数量 (FAM) 对于开发幼儿基础数学理解至关重要.
科学领域:
- 认知发展
- 教育心理学
- 发展神经科学
背景情况:
- 数学技能,如测量和比例推理,依赖于处理数值和空间大小信息.
- 灵活的注意量 (FAM) 账户表明,数字和空间信息的早期解是数学成就的关键.
- 了解这些基本技能对于各种各样的学龄前儿童至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查FAM任务是否专门测量灵活地在数值和空间大小之间转移注意力的能力.
- 研究学龄前儿童的FAM技能与整体数学成绩之间的关联.
- 确定FAM技能是否能够独立于其他认知和数学能力来预测数学成绩.
主要方法:
- 从美国中西部招募了226名多元化的学龄前儿童 (Mage=55个月).
- 评估FAM技能,以确定儿童是否可以灵活地在数值和空间维度之间转移注意力,而不是使用单维策略.
- 检查了FAM技能和数学成就之间的关系,控制人口因素,执行功能和特定的数学技能 (例如,比例推理,数轴估计).
主要成果:
- 有证据表明,FAM任务有效地评估了儿童在数量维度之间灵活的转移,因为性能根据先前的维度注意力而有所不同.
- 儿童的FAM任务表现与他们的数学成绩有很大关系.
- 在控制人口共变量,执行职能技能和特定的早期数学技能之后,这种关联仍然很重要.
结论:
- FAM技能是学龄前儿童早期数学成绩的重要预测指标.
- 这些发现支持FAM账户强调灵活关注数量作为数学发展的基本要素.
- 这些见解对早期数学干预有意义,
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