在前列腺切除术后尿失禁治疗中ChatGPT和DeepSeek的性能

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Vicktor Bruno Pereira Pinto^1,2, Romullo José Costa Ataídes¹, Lucas Antônio Pereira do Nascimento¹

¹Divisão de Urologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - FMUSP, São Paulo, Brasil.

International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology

|August 26, 2025

概括

在提供前列腺切除术后尿失禁 (PPUI) 临床建议方面,ChatGPT显著优于DeepSeek. 虽然ChatGPT获得了95%的准确性,但DeepSeek获得了72.5%,突出了ChatGPT

科学领域:

医疗信息学
医疗保健中的人工智能
临床决策支持系统

背景情况:

大型语言模型 (LLM) 正在成为临床决策支持的有价值工具.
人工智能在医学中的应用提供了快速且易于获取的信息.
前列腺切除术后尿失禁 (PPUI) 的治疗需要遵守既定的临床指导方针.

研究的目的:

将ChatGPT和DeepSeek LLM在生成PPUI管理建议方面的表现进行比较.
根据AUA/SUFU指南评估LLM产生的建议的准确性.
评估不同LLM在特定泌尿病的临床决策支持中的有用性.

主要方法:

由泌尿病专家对PPUI制定了20个符合指导方针的问题 (10个概念,10个基于案例).
使用已制定的问题对ChatGPT-4o和DeepSeek R1进行零射击提示.
根据准则的准确性 (正确,部分正确,不正确) 对LLM答案进行独立评分 (限200字).

主要成果:

与DeepSeek (72.5%; p = 0.031) 相比,ChatGPT的整体得分明显更高 (95.0%).
在基于案例的场景 (10.0对6.5) 和概念问题 (9.0对8.0) 中,ChatGPT表现优异.
DeepSeek 显示出严重的错误,包括针对特定患者的不合适治疗建议.

结论:

在提供基于指导方针的PPUI管理建议方面,ChatGPT表现出卓越的能力.
这两种LLM都需要专家的临床监督,以便安全地融入医疗保健工作流程.
需要进一步的研究来完善LLM的性能,并优化其在临床实践中的应用.

关键词:

人工智能临床决策尿失禁尿失禁

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