用公民科学来弥补小型渔业的数据缺口:计划概述和时空模式
J Wesley Neal1, Tony Yon2, Ratha Sor3
1Department of Wildlife, Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA.
Journal of fish biology
|August 26, 2025
概括
在柬埔寨, 一个公民科学项目使当地渔民能够收集重要数据, 在资源有限的情况下,这种方法支持可持续的小型渔业管理.
科学领域:
- 渔业科学
- 保护生物学
- 基于社区的管理
背景情况:
- 渔业对发展中国家的粮食安全至关重要,但由于管理资源有限,
- 现有的管理往往优先考虑商业捕捞,使小规模渔业易受过度捕捞和环境变化的影响.
- 共同管理,将权力授予渔业社区,提供了一个潜在的解决方案,但需要标准化数据来做出明智的决策.
研究的目的:
- 通过实施公民科学计划来解决小型渔业管理的数据缺口.
- 描述柬埔寨斯雷安贝尔河淡水系统的公民科学项目实施情况.
- 分析第一年收集的数据,以了解渔业的空间和季节性收获特点.
主要方法:
- 从Sre Ambel河流域的四个村庄招募了15名渔民,
- 收集有关捕捞活动,捕捞成分 (物种,个体数) 和捕捞率的数据.
- 使用标准化数据收集协议来确保数据质量.
主要成果:
- 这项计划在一年内成功收集了153种鱼类 (75,702只) 的数据.
- 总体捕捞率为每小时3.75条鱼,物种丰富度和捕捞率的空间和季节性差异很大.
- 雨季的捕捞力度更高,而干季的捕捞率和物种丰富度更高.
结论:
- 收集的数据为Sre Ambel河渔业的当前状况提供了关键的见解,使未来的管理行动能够得到评估.
- 这项公民科学计划与共同管理相结合,为全球数据有限地区的可持续渔业管理提供了一个可扩展的模型.
- 这些发现支持一种可适应的管理方法,这对于发展中国家的小型渔业的长期健康至关重要.
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