职业男子足球中不同劣势比赛格式的浮动类型和常规球员之间的外部负载
Michael Rumpf1,2,3, Johannes Jäger1, Matthias Lochmann1
1Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
International journal of sports physiology and performance
|August 26, 2025
概括
足球运动员根据自己的角色和比赛情况而经历不同的外部负荷. 了解小边比赛中的这些差异可以帮助优化训练以提高表现.
科学领域:
- 运动科学
- 足球表现分析
- 生物力学
背景情况:
- 小球队的比赛对于发展足球特有的技能和身体状况至关重要.
- 玩家角色,如浮动者和常规玩家 (RP),可能会影响外部负载需求.
- 游戏环境,包括数量上的劣势,可以显著改变玩家的努力.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较不同类型的浮球员和常规球员 (RPs) 在小方足球比赛中的外部负载.
- 调查低数量和高数量的劣势对RP体验的外部负载的影响.
- 为优化职业男子足球训练策略提供数据.
主要方法:
- 24名职业足球运动员参加了为期8周的赛季训练.
- 小球队的比赛在没有门将的情况下进行,为漂浮球员设置了特定的触摸限制.
- 全球定位系统 (GPS) 单位用于测量外部负载指标 (例如,总距离,高强度运行,冲刺,加速/减速).
主要成果:
- 常规玩家 (RP) 与浮动玩家相比,在大多数外部负载变量中表现出显著的差异.
- 内部浮动器在几个指标中显示出更高的外部负载,尽管这种效应在更高的强度下减弱.
- 在低劣度游戏和高劣度游戏中,除了高减速之外的所有测量变量外,外部负载始终更高.
结论:
- 在小队足球比赛中,角色扮演和游戏特定的数量劣势显著影响外部负载.
- 实践者可以利用这些发现来定制训练练习,并提高球员的身体准备.
- 了解这些负载变化是优化表现和防止职业足球运动员疲劳的关键.
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