足球运动员维护训练的恢复特征
Athanasios Poulios1, Nikolaos Avgoustatos1, Dimitrios Draganidis1
1School of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece.
International journal of sports physiology and performance
|August 26, 2025
概括
与SEMT/1:1相比,SEMT/1:3训练方案导致足球表现更大,持续时间更长,肌肉损伤增加. 在使用SEMT/1:3方案后恢复时间更长.
科学领域:
- 运动科学
- 运动生理学
- 足球表现分析
背景情况:
- 足球的表现依赖于速度,耐力和神经肌肉功能.
- 有效的训练策略对于足球运动员保持最佳体质至关重要.
- 了解训练后恢复动力学对于优化表现和防止过度训练至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较两种不同的速度耐力维护训练 (SEMT) 协议在足球运动员中的性能,肌肉损伤和神经肌肉疲劳的恢复模式.
- 用不同的工作与休息比率 (1:3对1:1) 来确定SEMT后恢复的时间进程.
主要方法:
- 十名训练有素的男性足球运动员参与了三项试验:工作休息比例为1:3的SEMT,工作休息比例为1:1的SEMT和对照条件.
- 评估了性能指标,包括异动力强度,反复冲刺能力 (RSA),冲刺时间和反运动跳跃 (CMJ).
- 测量肌肉损伤标志物,如延迟发作的肌肉疼痛 (DOMS) 和肌酸酶,以及最大自愿收缩 (MVC) 以评估神经肌肉疲劳.
主要成果:
- 与SEMT/1:1相比,SEMT/1:3方案的强度和速度性能分别降低了72小时和48小时.
- 神经肌肉疲劳指标 (CMJ,MVC) 在SEMT/1:3之后显示出更大的损伤.
- 这两种SEMT方案都提高了膝盖曲器DOMS长达48小时,而SEMT/ 1:3则导致更明显的肌肉损伤.
结论:
- 在足球运动员中,SEMT/1:3方案会引起更深层次和更长时间的神经肌肉疲劳和性能下降.
- 在SEMT中,工作与休息的比率较高与运动引起的肌肉损伤增加有关.
- 运动员需要更长的恢复时间,遵循SEMT协议,休息间隔更短.
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