在未感染艾滋病毒的学龄儿童中,大脑的结构差异
Eve A Forster1,2,3, Bilal Syed1, Jennifer Bowes4
1Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
BMC medicine
|August 27, 2025
概括
在子宫内接受艾滋病毒和抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 的儿童,特别是男孩, 显示出显著的脑结构差异. 这些发现凸显了对未感染但暴露于艾滋病毒的儿童的早期支持的需要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 儿童医学
- 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 降低了围产期艾滋病毒的传播.
- 越来越多的儿童感染艾滋病毒,但没有感染 (CHEU).
- 在学龄儿童体内暴露于HIV和ART的长期神经解剖学影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究子宫内艾滋病毒和ART暴露对学龄儿童的长期神经解剖发育影响.
- 为了比较CHEU和未感染HIV的儿童之间的大脑结构差异.
- 探索子宫内暴露对大脑发育的性别特异性影响.
主要方法:
- 招募58名6至12岁的CHEU和38名CHUU儿童.
- 对大脑体积,皮质厚度和灰白质体积进行了分析.
- 使用多重线性回归模型,控制共变量,并进行性别分层分析.
主要成果:
- 与CHUU相比,CHEU的大脑总体和皮层显著较小.
- 在与运动功能和语言相关的区域中,男性CHEU表现出体积年龄暴露相互作用.
- 在CHEU中观察到额叶皮层厚度的减少和杏仁体和海马体积的改变,男性的效果更为明显.
结论:
- 在子宫内,艾滋病毒和ART暴露与广泛的神经解剖学发育影响有关,特别是在男孩中.
- 观察到的结构差异与CHEU之前报告的运动和语言缺陷相关.
- 这些发现强调了早期干预和针对CHEU的定制支持的重要性.
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