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与慢性阻塞性肺病严重程度相关的呼吸道微生物群和免疫力

Zhiwei Lin^1,2, Yueting Jiang¹, Huifang Liu³

¹Department of Clinical Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, 510120, China.

Journal of translational medicine

|August 27, 2025

概括

这项研究揭示了与慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 严重程度相关的特定微生物和免疫模式. 这些发现为COPD提供了洞察力

科学领域:

肺部医学
微生物组研究
免疫学

背景情况:

慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 涉及逐渐减少的气流和慢性炎症.
虽然呼吸道微生物和宿主免疫力有关,但导致COPD严重性的分子机制尚未完全理解.
这项研究研究了不同严重程度的COPD的微生物失调和宿主免疫反应.

研究的目的:

研究慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 中微生物群落与宿主免疫反应之间的关系.
确定微生物和免疫生物标志物,以区分COPD患者和健康个体,并对疾病的严重程度进行分层.
获得对COPD严重性病理生理学的机制性见解.

主要方法:

对来自发现和验证队伍的支气管洗液进行了综合的基因组和转录组分析.
分析了微生物多样性,致病性细菌存在,宿主基因表达和抗生素耐药性基因.
基于微生物免疫生物标志物的宿主微生物网络分析和诊断模型被开发和验证.

主要成果:

严重的COPD显示微生物多样性减少和致病细菌增加 (例如,Moraxella osloensis,Streptococcus物种).
病原体与失调的炎症,中性粒细胞外陷 (NETs) 形成,氧化应激,呼吸道重塑和肺功能减弱相关.
使用微生物免疫生物标志物,诊断模型准确地区分了COPD与对照物,并分层疾病严重程度.

结论:

特定的微生物和免疫特征与COPD的严重程度有关,提供了机理性的见解.
这些发现表明,针对COPD的呼吸道失调和免疫失调的精准医疗策略有潜力.
这项研究为未来对COPD病理生理学的机制研究提供了基础.

关键词:

长期阻塞性失能症免疫系统基因组学氧化应激精准医学肺部疾病转录组

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