基于血液 (液体) 的生物标志物测试在日本的全国实践
Yasushi Yatabe1, Ryosuke Watanabe2, Yuko Kotera2
1Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Cancer science
|August 27, 2025
概括
液体活检或综合基因分析 (CGP) 为日本的癌症患者提供治疗指导. 然而,其临床整合和获取仍然有限,特别是在某些癌症类型中.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 基因组学
- 临床实践
背景情况:
- 精确瘤学通过生物标志物测试取得了进展,但并非所有患者都能从基于组织的综合基因组分析 (CGP) 中受益.
- 在日本,液体活检的临床应用和整合需要进一步的定义.
研究的目的:
- 评估日本临床实践中的液体活检测 (FoundationOne Liquid) 的应用和结果.
- 在分子瘤委员会 (MTB) 审查后分析治疗模式并确定可操作的突变.
主要方法:
- 从日本的癌症基因组学和先进疗法中心 (C-CAT) 数据库中获取临床记录 (2019年6月-2023年6月).
- 评估了FoundationOne液体测试的7461条记录,重点关注测试前后的治疗模式和感兴趣的突变.
- 对七种常见的瘤类型进行亚组分析:胰腺,前列腺,胆道,肠道,肺部,胃和卵巢.
主要成果:
- 最常见的癌症是胰腺癌 (24. 5%),前列腺癌 (15. 8%) 和胆道癌 (11. 2%).
- 在MTB审查后,5. 8%的病例接受了新的治疗 (41. 7%的向治疗,40. 9%的化疗),2. 1%的病例进入临床试验.
- 在肠道 (8. 8%),肺部 (8. 2%) 和前列腺 (7. 8%) 癌症中,基因型匹配治疗最常见. 在MTB治疗后的中位时间为63天.
结论:
- 与其他高收入国家相比,日本对综合基因组分析 (CGP) 的准入似乎有限.
- 对于肠道,胆道和前列腺癌等特定癌症,
- 对其他癌症类型的CGP临床效用需要进一步研究.
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