根据DSM-5和ICD-11的创伤经历和PTSD在德国一般人口中的流行
Amelie Pettrich1, Yuriy Nesterko1,2,3, Heide Glaesmer1
1Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences
|August 27, 2025
概括
这项研究使用DSM-5和ICD-11标准在德国发现了类似的创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 患病率. 然而,诊断框架确定了不同的病例,特别是关于再次经历症状.
科学领域:
- 精神病学
- 流行病学
- 心理健康
背景情况:
- 目前的创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 患病率估计因精神障碍诊断和统计手册 - 第5版 (DSM-5) 和国际疾病分类 - 第11版 (ICD-11) 的不同诊断标准而有所不同.
- 现有证据通常依赖于较旧的标准 (ICD-第十版,DSM-第四版),导致不同人群的不一致.
研究的目的:
- 提供德国一般人口中目前的PTSD患病率.
- 使用DSM-5和ICD-11标准进行比较.
- 研究年龄和性别如何影响创伤后应激障碍的发生率和暴露.
主要方法:
- 2016年对2404名德国成年人 (18-94岁) 的横截面调查.
- 对于创伤暴露使用了DSM-5 (LEC-5) 的生活事件检查清单和PTSD症状使用了DSM-5 (PCL-5) 的检查清单.
- 使用DSM-5和ICD-11算法确定可能的PTSD诊断,并建议切断得分,通过统计测试根据诊断框架,年龄和性别比较患病率.
主要成果:
- 根据DSM-5和ICD-11的标准,整体可能的PTSD患病率为4. 7%,保守估计为2. 6%.
- 47. 2% 的参与者报告了创伤性事件;交通事故和危及生命的伤害是最常见的.
- 虽然总体患病率相似,但DSM-5和ICD-11显示适度一致 (κ=0.62),症状重复出现的情况有显著差异 (κ=0.57).
- 性别和年龄与PTSD患病率没有显著关联,但创伤类型因性别而异.
结论:
- 提供了德国人口的最新PTSD患病率估计,突出了DSM-5和ICD-11在病例识别方面的差异.
- 该研究强调,尽管总体患病率相似,但由于症状定义的差异,诊断框架部分涵盖了不同的患者群体.
- 仔细考虑不断变化的诊断标准对于解释患病率估计和对研究结果进行比较至关重要.
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