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2019年和2024年中国东南海岸的COVID-19流行前后登革热模式:分子演变和菌株替代
Tianran Zhang1, Yaqi Shi2, Leyi Zhang1
1Wenzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou Municipal Institute of Health Supervision, Wenzhou, China.
Frontiers in microbiology
|August 27, 2025
概括
在2019年至2024年期间,中国的第1型登革热病毒 (DENV-1) 发生了完全的基因型转换,1I_K.2血统取代了1I_E.1. 这凸显了对新出现的DENV-1菌株进行持续基因组监测和定制干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 进化生物学
- 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在中国等非特有地区的登革热病毒1型 (DENV-1) 进化动态尚不清楚,特别是关于血统的迁移.
- 中国东南部沿海地区的疫情主要与进口的DENV-1病例有关,因此需要对当地传播模式进行研究.
研究的目的:
- 在2019年至2024年期间调查DENV-1的进化轨迹和遗传特征.
- 确定血统的迁移动态,并评估进口病例对本地DENV-1演变的影响.
主要方法:
- 从2019年到2024年对93个DENV-1分离体进行全基因组测序.
- 使用最大概率的方法进行基因分析.
- 选择压力评估 (FEL,MEME,SLAC,FUBAR),再组合分析 (RDP4) 和针对疫苗菌株的表位映射.
主要成果:
- DENV-1分离物属于I基因型,具有明显的基因组 (1I_E.1在2019年,1I_K.2在2024年) 表明血统流通.
- 检测出了18个重组事件,主要是越南和柬埔寨菌株.
- 在疫苗表位上发现了40个保存的非同义替代和24个独特的突变 (富含NS3/NS5),以及抗原变异.
结论:
- 在中国东南部发生了DENV-1的完整基因型转换,1I_K.2血统取代了1I_E.1,影响了本地传播.
- 时间隔离物之间显著的抗原分歧强调了持续基因组监测的必要性.
- 针对性干预策略对于该地区循环DENV-1菌株的管理至关重要.
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