人工智能在初级保健中:对医生医疗工作的支持或额外负担? - - 定性研究
Stefanie Mache1,2, Monika Bernburg2, Annika Würtenberger2
1Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany.
Clinics and practice
|August 27, 2025
概括
主要护理医生对人工智能 (AI) 持谨慎乐观态度, 认为人工智能对诊断和工作流程有好处, 但担心其透明度和对患者关系的影响. 成功整合人工智能需要临床医生的投入和培训.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学
- 主要护理研究
- 人与计算机在医疗保健中的互动
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地被推广为提高初级保健诊断,工作流程和质量.
- 在临床环境中对初级保健医生 (PCP) 的感知,参与和情绪反应存在有限的经验证据.
- 人工智能的可用性,透明度,以及它对专业身份,工作量和医生患者关系的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查初级保健医生在日常临床实践中对人工智能整合的经验和看法.
- 探讨PCP使用人工智能技术的态度,担忧以及所感知的好处和缺点.
主要方法:
- 这项定性研究涉及对28名德国门诊医生进行深入的半结构面试.
- 有目的的抽样确保了医生年龄,实践特征和数字熟练程度的变化.
- 通过使用梅林的定性内容分析框架对转录的采访数据进行主题分析.
主要成果:
- 医生对人工智能表达了矛盾的看法,认识到诊断支持,行政救济和预防性护理的潜力.
- 担忧集中在工作流程中断,缺乏算法透明度,增加认知/情绪压力,以及对临床自主性的威胁.
- 人工智能对医生和患者关系的影响被视为双边关系,有可能增强信任或减少护理个性化.
结论:
- 主要护理医生对人工智能的参与以谨慎的乐观主义为特征,平衡感知到的实用性与重大问题.
- 成功和道德的人工智能实现需要共同设计,临床医生的参与,算法透明度和无工作流集成.
- 在医疗专业课程中建立基础的人工智能素养对于未来的负责任使用至关重要,保护专业的完整性和护理的人文核心.
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