划船运动强度领域的生理需求:体重类别和性别差异的影响
Manoel Rios1,2, Ricardo Cardoso1, Ana Sofia Monteiro1
1Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport and Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 27, 2025
概括
这项研究显示,重型划船的绝对能量输出更高,而轻型划船的代谢效率更高. 男性手的心肺和新陈代谢反应比女性更强,但相对的能量生产在两性之间是相似的.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学
- 运动科学
- 划船性能分析
背景情况:
- 了解划船的生理需求对于优化训练和表现至关重要.
- 之前的研究还没有完全阐明训练有素的划船员在各种运动强度,体重类别和性别方面的生理反应差异.
研究的目的:
- 检查四个运动强度领域中训练有素的划船者的生理需求.
- 研究重量类别 (轻量级与重量级) 和性别在增量划船运动中的生理反应的影响.
- 使用性能,心肺呼吸和代谢数据来描述逐渐增强的运动强度的内部负荷.
主要方法:
- 24名训练有素的手 (12名轻量级,12名重量级) 参加了这项研究.
- 划船员在划船器上进行了7次3分钟的增量,休息间隔为60秒.
- 包括表现,心肺呼吸和代谢反应在内的生理参数被持续监测.
主要成果:
- 与轻量级相比,重量级划船员的绝对无氧能量产量,最高代谢功率和总能耗显著增加.
- 轻量级手表现出与重量级手相似的相对心肺呼吸反应,表明更高的代谢效率.
- 在所有强度域中,男性划船员的绝对氧气吸收,通风,新陈代谢能力和能量消耗都较高,但血液乳酸和无氧能量贡献在两性之间相似.
结论:
- 基于领域的生理分析有效地根据重量类别和性别区分了划船者的内部反应.
- 重量级动物在绝对能量输出方面表现出色, 而轻量级动物则表现出更高的代谢效率.
- 建议根据不同的生理特征进行个性化训练,以优化划船性能.
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