通过运动促进大脑网络的神经可塑性:关于类型,强度和持续时间的影响的叙述性审查
Carlotta Rosso1, Paolo Riccardo Brustio2,3, Jordi Manuello4
1School of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 27, 2025
概括
身体炼显著增强大脑的可塑性和健康. 不同的运动类型,强度和持续时间会导致关键大脑网络的结构和功能变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 运动生理学
- 大脑健康
背景情况:
- 越来越多的人对神经可塑性和活动依赖的大脑适应感兴趣.
- 运动是大脑可塑性的关键调节剂.
- 专注于健康成年人 (18-80岁) 的结构性和功能性大脑影响.
研究的目的:
- 综合体育运动对大脑结构和功能影响的证据.
- 分析运动类型,强度和持续时间如何影响大脑网络.
- 强调运动是促进大脑健康的非药物策略.
主要方法:
- 对25项干预措施的叙述性审查.
- 运动分为心血管,力量和混合训练.
- 根据强度进行分类 (轻到中等 强烈) 和持续时间 (短 vs. 长期使用.
主要成果:
- 运动类型,强度和持续时间共同调节神经可塑性反应.
- 身体训练会导致大脑主要网络的结构和功能变化.
- 受影响的网络包括默认模式,突出,中央执行,视空间,传感器和语言/听觉网络.
结论:
- 身体炼对大脑结构和功能完整性有很大的好处.
- 运动是一种强有力的非药物干预,
- 支持在成年人一生中加强大脑健康的运动.
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