非常低出生体重新生儿的认知功能和行为结果
Kanya Mukhopadhyay1, Rajni Sharma2, Jaivinder Yadav3
1Neonatology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institution of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. kanyapgi@gmail.com.
Indian pediatrics
|August 27, 2025
概括
与正常出生体重 (NBW) 同龄人相比,出生体重非常低 (VLBW) 的儿童表现出显著的认知缺陷和行为问题. 这些VLBW儿童的智商,记忆和注意力都较低,
科学领域:
- 儿童神经病学
- 发展心理学
- 新生儿研究
背景情况:
- 非常低出生体重 (VLBW) 的婴儿面临神经发育挑战的风险增加.
- 了解长期认知和行为结果对于早期干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 将非常低出生体重 (VLBW) 和正常出生体重 (NBW) 的新生儿的认知和行为结果进行比较.
- 确定VLBW儿童的具体缺陷领域.
主要方法:
- 一项观察性研究评估了50名6至11岁的VLBW和50名匹配的NBW儿童.
- 使用标准化心理评估评估认知功能,行为,精神病理,自我概念,调整和记忆.
主要成果:
- 与NBW儿童相比,VLBW儿童的口头智商,表现智商和全尺度智商显著降低.
- 在VLBW群体的远程记忆,精神平衡,注意力,视觉记忆和识别方面存在缺陷.
- 在心理病理和焦虑方面,VLBW儿童的得分更高,自我概念和调整得分更低.
结论:
- 非常低出生体重 (VLBW) 与儿童中期的认知障碍有关.
- 与正常出生体重 (NBW) 相比,VLBW儿童的行为和适应困难更为普遍.
相关概念视频
01:30Information Processing Approach
154
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
154
01:18Cognitive Development During Adolescence
129
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
129
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
115
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
115
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
255
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
255
01:21The Nativist Approach
127
The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
127
01:24Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition
98
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
98