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在任务切换中探索语义和执行灵活性的相互作用
Giada Viviani1, Irene Di Pietro2, Erin M Buchanan3
1Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, Padova, 35131, IT, Italy.
Scientific reports
|August 27, 2025
概括
这项研究揭示了认知灵活性对于适应不断变化的任务至关重要, 一个共同的机制是这些能力的基础,尽管语义处理具有独特的语言影响.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学
- 神经科学
- 语言学
背景情况:
- 认知灵活性是一个关键的执行功能, 能够使行为适应不断变化的任务需求.
- 虽然执行灵活性得到了很好的研究,但语义灵活性 - - 概念含义之间的转移 - - 却不太了解.
- 现有研究经常使用任务交换模式来评估执行控制.
研究的目的:
- 引入和验证一个新的语义任务交换范式.
- 直接比较执行和语义上的灵活性.
- 研究执行和语义灵活性之间的相互作用和共享机制.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种新的语义任务交换范式.
- 使用视觉空间任务切换模式来测量执行灵活性.
- 在人类参与者身上进行了两项行为实验.
主要成果:
- 在执行和语义任务交换方面都发现了显著的交换成本.
- 在执行和语义灵活性指标之间发现了中等到强烈的相关性.
- 语义性能由语言和语义特征的刺激调节.
结论:
- 这些发现支持一个针对特定任务的认知灵活性领域的通用机制.
- 执行和语义灵活性似乎有共同的神经和认知机制.
- 语义控制表现出独特的特征,受语言和概念因素的影响.
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