针对共享β-catenin突变的TCR工程T细胞可以根除固体瘤
Maria Stadheim Eggebø1,2, Julia Heinzelbecker1,2, Heyilimu Palashati1,2
1Department of Cancer Immunology, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
Nature immunology
|August 27, 2025
概括
研究人员从CTNNB1突变中发现了新的癌症新抗原. 针对这些新抗原的T细胞在临床前模型中有效地消除了瘤, 为癌症免疫疗法提供了有前途的途径.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 免疫学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 癌症中反复发生的驱动突变可以产生T细胞识别的新抗原.
- CTNNB1基因突变 (S37F) 导致β-catenin的功能增加,每年涉及超过7,000例美国癌症病例.
- 鉴定特定的新抗原和开发向免疫疗法对于癌症治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 来自CTNNB1 S37F突变的新抗原的识别和特征.
- 开发针对这些新抗原进行癌症免疫治疗的T细胞受体 (TCR).
- 在临床前癌症模型中评估CTNNB1-S37F特异性TCR-T细胞的疗效.
主要方法:
- 通过HLA-A*02:01和HLA-A*24:02分子呈现的CTNNB1 S37F衍生新的识别.
- 从健康的供体T细胞中分离特定的T细胞受体 (TCR).
- 在体外和体内测试TCR工程T细胞对癌细胞系,器官和患者衍生的异种移植.
主要成果:
- 通过CTNNB1 S37F突变编码的两个新被确定,在常见的HLA基因上呈现.
- 对CTNNB1- S37F新抗原的特异性TCR被成功分离出来.
- 在实验室中,改造的T细胞能够有效杀死CTNNB1 S37F阳性癌细胞和器官.
- 在小鼠模型中实现了瘤根除,包括黑色素瘤和子宫内腺癌外移植.
结论:
- CTNNB1 S37F特定的新抗原可以被TCR工程T细胞准.
- 针对CTNNB1 S37F的TCR-T细胞治疗代表了固体癌症免疫治疗的潜在新策略.
- 这种方法对由CTNNB1功能增益突变驱动的癌症具有前景.
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