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作为结直肠癌的诊断,预测和预后因素的表观遗传生物标志物的作用
Zuzanna Chilimoniuk1, Konrad Gładysz1, Natalia Moniczewska1
1Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Cancers
|August 28, 2025
概括
表观遗传生物标志物,包括便和血中的DNA甲基化和microRNAs,对结直肠癌 (CRC) 诊断,治疗预测和预后有希望. 组合标记器的面板可以提高早期检测的准确性.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 表观遗传学
- 生物标志物发现
背景情况:
- 结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 在晚期预后不佳的情况下对全球健康造成重大负担.
- 对表观遗传变化的研究越来越多,用于诊断CRC,预测治疗反应和预后.
- 现有的查和治疗方法有局限性,需要新的诊断和预后工具.
研究的目的:
- 确定和评估临床上最相关的结直肠癌表观遗传生物标志物.
- 评估各种表观遗传标记的诊断,预测和预后潜力.
- 审查过去五年内发表的原始研究和元分析.
主要方法:
- 对CRC的表观遗传生物标志物进行原始研究和元分析的系统评估.
- 专注于DNA甲基化,微RNA (miRNA) 和长非编码RNA (lncRNA).
- 在诊断,治疗预测和预后中分析生物标志物的表现.
主要成果:
- 在便/血中针对SDC2和SEPT9的DNA甲基化测定显示出高诊断准确度.
- 循环中的miRNAs (例如miR-211,miR-197) 和lncRNAs (例如SNHG14) 显示出有前途的诊断潜力.
- 结合表观遗传标记面板,特别是基于DNA甲基化,可以提高早期CRC检测的灵敏度和特异性.
- 特定的miRNA和DNA甲基化标志物对化疗反应和复发风险具有预测价值.
- miRNAs (例如,miR-675-5p,miR-150) 和DNA甲基化 (例如,NKX6.1) 显示出预后意义,其中一些预测的结果很差,另一些预测的结果很好.
结论:
- 表观遗传生物标志物,特别是DNA甲基化和miRNAs,为推进CRC管理提供了显著的潜力.
- 组合生物标记面板显示了早期CRC检测的增强诊断能力.
- 进一步验证和标准化对于克服不一致的报告和有限的外部验证等挑战至关重要.
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