中国土著猪基因组的当地气候适应
Yuqiang Liu1, Yang Xu1, Guangzhen Li1
1State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|August 28, 2025
概括
对中国本土猪的基因组分析揭示了对当地环境的关键遗传适应性,特别是降水. 这项研究确定了特定的基因和途径, 涉及到牲畜保护和繁殖的气候适应性.
科学领域:
- 基因组学
- 动物科学
- 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 当地适应对于不同环境中的牲畜生存至关重要,但其遗传基础往往不清楚.
- 中国的土著猪具有丰富的遗传多样性, 成为研究环境适应的理想模型.
- 了解适应的基因组结构对于畜牧业的保护和可持续的育种计划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究中国本土猪的本地适应的基因组基础.
- 确定与环境因素,特别是降水相关的遗传变异和途径.
- 提供适应气候变化的畜牧养殖和保护策略.
主要方法:
- 来自46个本土猪品种的578个个体的全基因组重新测序.
- 使用隐性因子混合模型 (LFMMs) 进行全基因组基因型环境关联 (GEA) 分析.
- 冗余分析 (RDA),梯度森林建模和重要的SNP的功能注释.
主要成果:
- 确定了与环境因素相关的8644个SNP,其中310个与最潮湿季度的降水有关 (BIO16).
- BIO16已成为猪种群基因组变异的重要环境驱动因素.
- 功能分析显示与免疫和代谢途径 (肺,脏,下丘脑,肠道) 相关的调节元素和基因的丰富.
- MS4A7位点显示出与降水相关的强烈适应信号.
结论:
- 中国猪的本地适应是由环境因素决定的,降水起着关键作用.
- 免疫和代谢途径与猪适应不同气候条件有关.
- 这些发现为畜牧业的适应提供了洞察力,并支持制定适应气候变化的育种和保护战略.
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