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针对医疗植入物的细菌生物膜:当前和新兴的方法
Alessandro Calogero Scalia1, Ziba Najmi1
1Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune & Allergic Diseases, CAAD, University of Piemonte Orientale, Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
概括
医疗器械上的生物膜会导致持续的感染和昂贵的修改. 使用非抗生素的新型表面修饰为防止生物膜形成和对抗抗菌素耐药性提供了有希望的策略.
科学领域:
- 微生物学
- 生物材料科学
- 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 生物膜是微生物群落造成重大环境和临床问题,包括广泛的感染和医疗器械殖民.
- 生物膜相关的感染占微生物感染的80%,导致慢性疾病,植入失败和死亡率增加,经济影响很大.
- 目前对生物膜感染的治疗通常是无效的,需要进行手术,并导致抗菌素耐药性.
研究的目的:
- 审查医疗器械表面修饰的最新进展,以防止细菌粘附和生物膜形成.
- 在表面功能化中探索非抗生素剂的使用,以增强抗污染和生物膜消除特性.
- 突出减少对抗生素的依赖和减轻抗菌素耐药性的发展的策略.
主要方法:
- 对医疗器械的化学表面功能化技术的文献审查.
- 非抗生素剂的分析,包括酶,化剂,定量感应抑制剂,生物表面活性剂,氧化化合物和纳米粒子.
- 评估增强防腐和成熟生物膜消灭的策略.
主要成果:
- 使用非抗生素剂的表面修饰在预防医疗器械上的细菌附着和生物膜发育方面具有前景.
- 诸如酶,纳米颗粒和生物表面活性剂等各种药物在抗污染和生物膜破坏方面表现出有效性.
- 这些创新方法为与设备相关的感染提供了传统抗生素治疗的替代方案.
结论:
- 使用非抗生素的化学表面功能化是对抗医疗器械相关的生物膜感染的关键策略.
- 这些方法有潜力显著减少慢性感染,植入失败和修复手术的需要.
- 开发新型抗污染表面对于改善患者的治疗结果和应对抗菌素耐药性的全球挑战至关重要.
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