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牛奶原料是否可能对抗万科胺耐药性肠球菌 (VRE) 传播给人类?
Elisa Massella1, Simone Russo1, Anita Filippi1
1Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Strada Faggiola 1, Gariga di Podenzano, 29027 Piacenza, Italy.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
概括
牛奶通常含有抗胺素基因 (vanC),但不含临床关键的vanA或vanB基因. 这表明生牛奶可能有助于vanC肠球菌的传播,从而构成人类感染的潜在风险.
科学领域:
- 微生物学
- 流行病学
- 食品安全问题
背景情况:
- 抗菌素的肠球菌 (VRE) 是关键的医院病原体.
- 食品生产的动物和产品是潜在的VRE传播途径.
- 牛奶在VRE传播中的作用需要调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查牛奶对人体传播的流行病学作用.
- 为了查原牛奶是否有抗素的基因.
- 鉴定乳腺性肠球菌的特征,并评估它们的抗菌耐药性.
主要方法:
- 用多重PCR检测大量牛奶样本中的van基因.
- 从单个牛奶样本中获取的乳腺性肠球经过了抗菌感应性测试.
- 在对万科米辛不敏感的菌株进行了全基因组测序.
主要成果:
- 在大批量牛奶样本中检测到29.14%的vanC基因;确定了vanC1 (19.88%) 和vanC2/3 (5.56%).
- 没有检测到临床意义上的vanA和vanB基因.
- 分离出163种乳腺致死菌株,其中E. faecium和E. faecalis是最常见的;65. 03%的菌株表现出多种药物耐药性.
- 鉴定了两种对菌素不敏感的菌株 (vanC2/3 E. casseliflavus和vanC1 E. gallinarum),并对整个基因组进行了测序.
结论:
- 牛奶不太可能是VanA或VanBVRE的重要来源.
- 生牛奶可能有助于 vanC 肠球菌的传播.
- 越来越多的原始牛奶中的VANC肠球菌与人类感染有关.
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