系统性神经退行和大脑衰老:多体质解体,蛋白质静态崩和整个中枢神经系统的网络故障
Victor Voicu1,2, Corneliu Toader3,4, Matei Șerban3,4,5
1Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Psychopharmacology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Biomedicines
|August 28, 2025
概括
神经退行包括细胞逻辑和组织的崩, 不仅仅是蛋白质的积累. 新的治疗策略侧重于恢复神经元功能, 而不是仅仅管理损伤.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 细胞生物学
- 系统生物学
- 遗传学
背景情况:
- 神经退行性疾病 (ND) 越来越多地被视为生物组织的复杂崩,超出了简单的蛋白质聚合.
- 现有的模型往往忽视了细胞内信号的复杂相互作用,转录调节,蛋白质稳定和 ND 病变中的器官通信.
- 需要一个范式的转变来理解ND作为细胞解释逻辑和网络级计算的渐进式失败.
研究的目的:
- 将神经退行性疾病重新定义为细胞解释逻辑的渐进性崩.
- 绘制关键信号通路的空间和时间分解及其对神经元功能的影响.
- 探索新的治疗途径,
主要方法:
- 关于神经退行症中信号通路 (PI3K-AKT-mTOR,MAPK,Wnt/β-catenin,ISR) 的当前文献的审查和综合.
- 分析RNA结合蛋白,表体转录基因修饰剂 (m6A) 和非正规的翻译后修饰的作用.
- 检查器官功能障碍,包括与核糖体相关的质量控制,自-溶酶体机制和线粒体动力学.
- 整合单细胞和空间转录组数据以了解网络层面的干扰 (DMN,SN,FPCN).
主要成果:
- 神经退行症的特征是信号通路的解体,蛋白质静止的破坏和器官沟通的受损.
- 结合RNA的蛋白质,表体转录基因的修饰物,以及异常的翻译后修饰物对细胞功能障碍有重大影响.
- 突触分解和网络层面的崩 (例如,在DMN,SN,FPCN中) 是由蛋白质静态和代谢压力驱动的早期事件.
- 包括信号解释和分类优先级在内的细胞推理失败是神经退行过程的基础.
结论:
- 神经退行性疾病代表了细胞推理和网络协调的系统级失败, 不仅仅是有毒蛋白质的积累.
- 治疗策略应该从制损伤转向恢复高维神经干预和弹性.
- 新型干预措施可能包括蛋白质组向剂,工程自,基因增强剂,线粒体稳定剂和质外体神经工程.
相关概念视频
Aging
179
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
179
Disorders of the Nervous Tissue
1.6K
Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
1.6K
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
666
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
666
Neural Regulation
39.9K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
39.9K
Parkinson's Disease: Overview
702
Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
702
Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
1.0K
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
1.0K


