综合性神经肌肉训练对提高运动表现的影响:系统审查和元分析
Baili Chen1, Lin Deng1, Yuhang Liu1
1College of Education, Beijing Sports University, Beijing 100084, China.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
概括
综合神经肌肉训练 (INT) 可以显著提高运动表现,提高跳跃,冲刺,平衡和敏捷性. 这种训练方法对女性运动员有更大的益处,
科学领域:
- 运动科学
- 运动生理学
- 生物力学
背景情况:
- 综合神经肌肉训练 (INT) 是一种综合方法,结合了力量,平衡,核心稳定性,灵活性和运动技能的发展.
- 运动表现依赖于这些物理和运动属性的复杂相互作用.
- 优化训练策略对于最大限度地发挥运动员潜力和预防伤害至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估综合神经肌肉训练 (INT) 对运动成绩关键指标的影响.
- 提供基于证据的建议,以将INT纳入运动员的训练方案.
- 确定最显著的绩效改进的具体培训组件和方案.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA指南,对9个主要数据库进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包括随机对照试验 (RCT),检查INT对11至25岁参与者的运动表现的影响.
- 综合了涉及783名参与者的19项RCT的数据.
主要成果:
- 综合神经肌肉训练 (INT) 在跳跃表现 (SMD = 0.26),冲刺表现 (SMD = - 0.76),平衡表现 (SMD = 0.23) 和敏捷表现 (SMD = - 0.72) 中显著改善.
- 敏感性分析证实了这些结果在各种绩效指标上的稳定性.
- 与男性运动员相比,女性运动员在冲刺和平衡表现方面表现出更好的表现.
结论:
- 综合神经肌肉训练 (INT) 是提高运动表现的有效策略,包括速度,力量,稳定性和敏捷性.
- 培训方案应量身定制,强调特定的组成部分,以最大限度地提高不同绩效指标.
- 较短的干预时间 (<8周),简短的疗程 (<30分钟) 和更高的频率 (>每周3次) 与更明显的训练效应有关,特别是在女性运动员中.
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