危机中的治理:COVID-19期间全球卫生治理的混合方法分析
Kadria Ali Abdel-Motaal1, Sungsoo Chun1
1Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, American University, New Cairo 11835, Egypt.
概括
强有力的治理显著改善了COVID-19的结果,包括早期干预和更好的疫苗公平,无论国家的财富如何. 这凸显了政府在全球卫生安全方面的重要作用.
科学领域:
- 全球卫生治理
- 公共卫生政策
- 疫情对社会经济的影响
背景情况:
- COVID-19 疫情揭示了全球卫生治理的重大弱点和不平等.
- 经济资源影响了疫情应对,但治理绩效的作用被低估了.
- 现有研究经常使用牛津COVID-19政府响应追踪器 (OxCGRT),但缺乏与治理指标的整合.
研究的目的:
- 评估独立于收入的治理质量如何影响国家对疫情的应对和结果.
- 整合治理指标与疫情应对数据进行综合分析.
- 评估政策干预和治理表现对健康结果和疫苗公平性的联合影响.
主要方法:
- 混合方法方法结合了定量全球数据集和定性文献审查.
- 使用了牛津COVID-19政府响应追踪器 (OxCGRT),全球治理指标 (WGI) 和世界银行/世卫组织数据.
- 使用政府有效性和监管质量构建治理绩效指数;采用ANOVA,Kaplan Meier和OLS回归.
主要成果:
- 高治理性能与早期干预,较低的死亡率和更广泛的疫苗覆盖率相关,不依收入.
- 卡普兰·梅尔的分析显示,高治理国家的学校关闭速度显著提升 (p < 0.01).
- 多变量回归证实治理是一个重要的预测因素, 即使控制了收入和医疗支出.
结论:
- 治理表现是疫情结果的决定性因素.
- COVID-19 危机强调需要强有力的治理系统来管理复杂的紧急情况.
- 有效的治理对于卫生部门以外的机构,经济和社会性至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:03Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact
240
Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with...
240
01:18Steps in Outbreak Investigation
188
In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
188
01:26Principles of Disease Surveillance
180
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
180
01:28Global Regulatory Systems
71
Global regulatory systems in bacteria enable rapid and coordinated responses to environmental changes by integrating sensory inputs with gene expression, ensuring efficient adaptation to fluctuating conditions. Key global regulatory mechanisms include regulons, two-component systems, sigma factors, and secondary messengers.Regulons and Global RegulatorsA regulon is a collection of genes and operons controlled by a common global regulator. These regulators enable bacteria to prioritize resource...
71
01:26Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.5K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.5K
01:28International Nursing Organizations II
1.1K
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
1.1K