口腔微生物组成及其与自闭症谱系障碍儿童的胃肠和发育异常相关
Zuzanna Lewandowska-Pietruszka1, Magdalena Figlerowicz1, Katarzyna Mazur-Melewska1
1Department of Infectious Diseases and Child Neurology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, 60-830 Poznan, Poland.
Microorganisms
|August 28, 2025
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童口腔微生物群与胃肠道问题,饮食和压力有关. 特定的细菌与健康指标相关,表明口腔健康影响ASD.
科学领域:
- 微生物学
- 神经科学
- 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 通常涉及胃肠道 (GI) 问题,饮食选择性和应激反应改变.
- 但口腔微生物群在自闭症中的作用还未得到充分研究.
- 了解口腔微生物群可能为ASD相关的生理和行为特征提供新的见解.
研究的目的:
- 研究患有自闭症儿童口腔微生物组成与行为,消化,饮食和神经内分泌参数之间的关联.
- 确定与FGID,食物选择性和皮质醇分泌模式相关的特定口腔微生物种群.
- 探索口腔微生物群多样性与自闭症适应功能之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 从45名患有自闭症的儿童 (年龄在2至18岁) 中采集了16S rRNA基因测序的口腔拭片.
- 评估唾液皮质醇节律,饮食摄入量和适应性行为 (维尼兰度量表).
- 分析了已识别的微生物物种 (共363种) 和临床参数之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 特定的细菌类与功能性胃肠疾病 (FGID),饮食模式和皮质醇节律有显著的相关性.
- 在患有FGID,食物选择性或宏观营养不平衡的儿童中,有助于炎症的类型 (例如,Selenomonas,Megasphaera) 增强.
- 较高的微生物多样性和像Bifidobacterium dentium这样的属性与典型的皮质醇分泌和更好的适应性功能有关.
结论:
- 患有自闭症儿童的口腔微生物群概况似乎反映了全身生理和神经行为特征.
- 研究结果表明,口腔微生物群可以作为某些自闭症相关疾病的生物标志物.
- 需要进一步的纵向研究来确定因果关系,并开发针对ASD的微生物群干预措施.
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