孕期波莫纳叶鼻蝙蝠肠和肺部微生物群的结构和功能差异
Taif Shah1, Qi Liu2, Guiyuan Yin2
1State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
Microorganisms
|August 28, 2025
概括
怀孕的蝙蝠拥有不同的肠道和肺部微生物群落. 这项研究揭示了野生蝙蝠的主要细菌差异和潜在的健康影响.
科学领域:
- 微生物学
- 野生动物生态
- 主体与微生物的相互作用
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物微生物群落对于宿主健康和稳态至关重要.
- 了解野生孕妇哺乳动物的微生物群对于疾病生态至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述怀孕的波莫纳叶鼻蝙蝠的肠道和肺部微生物群结构和功能.
- 识别不同的微生物群落及其在宿主生理和疾病中的潜在作用.
主要方法:
- 在9只孕的肠道和肺部样本中测序V3-V4 16S rRNA基因.
- 生物信息分析包括分类注释,多样性指数 (α和β),LEfSe和随机森林分类.
- 微生物群落的功能注释.
主要成果:
- 肠道微生物群主要由细菌群和细菌群 (例如,Bacillaceae,Enterobacteriaceae);肺部微生物群由细菌群和细菌群 (例如,Rhizobiaceae,Burkholderiaceae) 主导.
- 在肠道 (Bacillus,Cronobacter) 和肺部 (Bartonella,Mycoplasma) 环境中识别出不同的机会性和潜在的致病性属.
- 肠道和肺部部微生物多样性和组成的显著差异,以及对代谢活动和疾病途径的功能洞察.
结论:
- 怀孕的波莫纳叶鼻蝙蝠表现出特定的肠道和肺部微生物群落.
- 已识别的微生物群可能会影响宿主免疫力,生理学和动物传染病的潜在出现.
相关概念视频
01:22Introduction to the Human Microbiota
101
Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
101
01:27The Oral Microbiota
57
The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
57
01:29Microbiota of the Respiratory Tract
40
The human respiratory tract, comprising the upper and lower segments, serves as a critical interface with the external environment. The upper respiratory tract (URT)—including the nostrils, sinuses, pharynx, and oropharynx—is heavily colonized by microbes, while the lower respiratory tract (LRT), composed of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, was long thought to be sterile. However, recent molecular studies have revealed that the lungs are not devoid of microbes but act more...
40
01:27Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine
60
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
60
01:27Microbiota of the Large Intestine
74
The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
74
01:18Functions of the Gut Microbiota
89
The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
89