在无人机系统中通过B-Spline遥测重建和轻量化混合人工智能进行基于边缘的实时故障检测
Manuel J C S Reis1, António J D Reis2
1Engineering Departement/IEETA, Quinta de Prados, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 的实时故障检测系统,该系统可以在机载边缘设备上工作. 它通过准确识别系统异常,甚至通过不规则的遥测数据来确保安全的飞行操作.
科学领域:
- 航空航天工程
- 计算机科学
- 人工智能
背景情况:
- 无人驾驶飞行器 (UAV) 需要先进的机载诊断系统以确保安全运行,特别是不可靠的遥测系统.
- 现有系统在现实无人机任务中常见的不规则,不统一的传感器数据.
研究的目的:
- 为无人机开发能够处理中断遥测的实时机载故障检测框架.
- 优化在资源有限的边缘计算平台上部署框架.
主要方法:
- 实现B-spline插入,以从噪音或异步输入中进行可靠的传感器数据重建.
- 使用混合异常检测模型,结合长短记忆 (LSTM) 自动编码器和隔离森林.
- 在Raspberry Pi 4和NVIDIA Jetson Nano等嵌入式系统上部署整个管道.
主要成果:
- 实现端到端推断延迟时间低于50毫秒的内部处理.
- 使用真实飞行日志和合成故障注入, 证明故障检测准确率为93.6%.
- 对远程测量中断和采样不规则表现出显著的弹性.
结论:
- 开发的框架可以实现无人机的自主,基于传感器的健康监测.
- 该系统可用于机载部署,提高无人机的安全性和可靠性.
- 该方法适用于其他需要强大的异常检测的实时网络物理系统.
相关概念视频
Absolute Motion Analysis- General Plane Motion
271
Visualize a drone, with its propellers spinning rapidly, hovering mid-air. The fascinating movements and operations of this drone can be comprehended by applying the principle of general plane motion.
As the drone's propellers rotate, an upward force is generated that counteracts the force of gravity, enabling the drone to lift off from the ground. This initial movement of the drone is along a straight path, representing a form of translational motion. In this phase, every point on the...
As the drone's propellers rotate, an upward force is generated that counteracts the force of gravity, enabling the drone to lift off from the ground. This initial movement of the drone is along a straight path, representing a form of translational motion. In this phase, every point on the...
271
One-Degree-of-Freedom System
555
In mechanical engineering, one-degree-of-freedom systems form the basis of a wide range of electrical and mechanical components. Using these models, engineers can predict the behavior of various parts in a larger system, which gives them insight into how different forces interact with each other.
A one-degree-of-freedom system is defined by an independent variable that determines its state and behavior. One example of a one-degree-of-freedom system is a simple harmonic oscillator, such as a...
A one-degree-of-freedom system is defined by an independent variable that determines its state and behavior. One example of a one-degree-of-freedom system is a simple harmonic oscillator, such as a...
555
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes-Problem Solving
448
Consider a crane whose telescopic boom rotates with an angular velocity of 0.04 rad/s and angular acceleration of 0.02 rad/s2. Along with the rotation, the boom also extends linearly with a uniform speed of 5 m/s. The extension of the boom is measured at point D, which is measured with respect to the fixed point C on the other end of the boom. For the given instant, the distance between points C and D is 60 meters.
Here, in order to determine the magnitude of velocity and acceleration for point...
Here, in order to determine the magnitude of velocity and acceleration for point...
448


