基于注意力机制的和退化状态分类用于滚动轴承性能评估
Teng Zhan1, Wentao Chen2, Congchang Xu1
1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle, Changsha 410082, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了一种先进的方法来评估滚动轴承的性能恶化. 它使用了一种新的注意力机制来进行功能融合,改善工业设备的健康监测和早期故障检测.
科学领域:
- 机械工程
- 状态监测
- 信号处理
背景情况:
- 滚动轴承的故障会危及机械系统的完整性和安全性.
- 目前的性能降低评估在特征选择和健康指数表征方面面临挑战.
- 精确的设备健康监测对于工业应用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为准确的轴承性能评估提出基于注意力机制的新型功能融合方法.
- 制定一个强大的特征选择策略,用于轴承健康指标.
- 提高工业设备的早期故障预警能力.
主要方法:
- 构建了一个多维特征集 (时间,频率,时间频率域).
- 实施了两阶段的特征选择:基于交叉的初级选择和基于集群的重新选择.
- 开发了一种以注意力驱动的融合模型,用于适应性特征加权.
主要成果:
- 拟议的方法在实验验证中显示出优异的降解特征.
- 与传统方法相比,交叉集群策略减少了32%的功能冗余.
- 基于注意力的融合比主要成分分析 (PCA) 提高了18.7%的健康指标一致性.
结论:
- 基于注意力机制的新型功能融合方法有效评估滚动轴承的性能恶化.
- 两个阶段的特征选择策略增强了相关性,单调性和稳定性.
- 这种方法为工业环境中的设备健康监测和早期故障预警提供了有效的解决方案.
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