P2IFormer:用于高速列车轴箱轴承的故障诊断的多颗粒度补丁嵌入模型
Weigang Ma1, Chaohui Zhang1, Ling Chen1
1School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
概括
这项研究介绍了P2IFormer,这是一种用于高速列车轴箱轴承故障诊断的新型深度学习模型. 通过有效捕捉多个尺度的时间和局部序列模式,P2IFormer的准确度超过99.5%.
科学领域:
- 机械工程
- 人工智能
- 信号处理
背景情况:
- 轴箱轴承在高速列车中至关重要,但在重负荷下容易发生故障,影响安全和效率.
- 现有的深度学习故障诊断方法在多尺度时间特征提取和局部模式建模方面存在困难.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个先进的深度学习模型,P2IFormer,用于精确的轴箱轴承故障诊断.
- 克服目前捕捉复杂时间和顺序模式的方法的局限性.
主要方法:
- 建议使用多颗粒度补丁到图像嵌入的P2IFormer模型.
- 将振动序列分为多个颗粒度的贴片,并将其转换为格拉米角场 (GAF) 图像.
- 采用多颗粒度自我注意机制用于内部和间颗粒度依赖性建模和特征融合.
主要成果:
- 在各种速度条件下,P2IFormer的故障诊断准确度超过99.5%.
- 与现有的卷积神经网络 (CNN) 和基于变压器的方法相比,表现出显著的性能改善.
结论:
- P2IFormer有效地解决了用于轴承故障诊断的多尺度时间特征提取和局部模式建模的挑战.
- 拟议的方法为确保高速列车的安全性和运行效率提供了强大而高准确的解决方案.
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