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早期播种方法开发适应气候变化的玉米:寒冷压力对高营养价值的适应杂交品种的发芽的影响

Marija Kostadinović¹, Mirjana Milovanović¹, Ana Nikolić¹

¹Laboratory for Molecular Genetics and Physiology, Maize Research Institute "Zemun Polje", Slobodana Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, Serbia.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 28, 2025

概括

在温带地区早期播种玉米可以通过选择耐寒品种来改善. 这项研究发现标准和优质蛋白玉米的耐寒性没有显著差异,但确定了与压力下发芽改善相关的特定代谢物.

科学领域:

农业科学
植物生理学
生物化学

背景情况:

温带地区的农业面临着影响作物产量的变暖趋势带来的挑战.
早期播种玉米是一种在关键生长阶段缓解不利环境的策略.
质量蛋白玉米 (QPM) 的营养价值更高,但其耐寒性需要评估,以便更广泛地采用.

研究的目的:

评估标准玉米 (SM) 和优质蛋白玉米 (QPM) 在发芽过程中的耐寒性.
在寒冷压力下影响玉米发芽的生理和代谢因素.
确定早期播种计划的优质质量管理方案.

主要方法:

在浸泡后,七条SM线和九条QPM线经过冷应力 (13°/6°C).
分析了发芽能量,生理参数和种子代谢物.
进行统计分析以确定显著差异 (p值).

主要成果:

寒冷压力显著降低了SM和QPM的发芽能量和生理特征,其中最受影响的是芽.
酸,原酸和p-酸在压力下对发芽产生了积极的影响.
氨酸 + 氨酸和β-氨酸对根的长度产生了负面影响.
L3QPM表现出优异的耐寒性,保持发芽能量,并表现出更高水平的某些代谢物.

结论:

在SM和QPM之间没有发现显著的固有耐寒差异.
特定的酸和豆腐素与玉米种子的冷应激耐受性有所改善.
选择的QPM线 (L1QPM2,L3QPM,L7QPM) 显示出由于营养质量和耐寒性相结合的早期播种的潜力.

关键词:

寒冷压力发芽时间蛋白质质量二次代谢物

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