不同前期作物对后期冬季小麦的谷物产量,蛋白质分数和土壤营养素的遗留影响
Rui Wang1,2, Jiayun Wu1,2, Yang Wang1,2
1College of Resources and Environment Science (College of Land Resources), Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
概括
与草本作物相比,豆类作物轮换显著提高冬季小麦产量和谷物蛋白质含量. 豆和冬季小麦的交换显示出最高的产量和土壤有机物质的改善.
科学领域:
- 农业科学
- 农业学
- 土壤科学
背景情况:
- 在面临全球粮食安全挑战和气候变化的情况下,作物轮换对于提高冬季小麦 (Triticum aestivum) 产量,谷物质量和土壤健康至关重要.
- 之前的作物对冬季小麦生产率和土壤肥沃性的遗留影响需要进一步澄清.
- 了解这些影响对于优化农业实践和确保可持续粮食生产至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同前期作物的遗留影响 (草本与豆类) 对冬季小麦产量,蛋白质含量和土壤特性.
- 评估不同作物轮换系统下的作物生产率和土壤肥沃性的协同效应.
- 确定最佳的作物轮换策略以提高冬季小麦产量和土壤健康.
主要方法:
- 在华中进行了一项实地实验,涉及五种作物轮换系统:玉米-冬季小麦,麦-冬季小麦,大豆-冬季小麦和豆-冬季小麦.
- 测量包括谷物产量,蛋白质分数,土壤有机物 (SOM),土壤pH,合协调度 (CCD) 和副效益指数 (CBI).
- 在草作物冬季小麦 (Gra-Ws) 和豆类冬季小麦 (Leg-Ws) 轮换之间进行了比较分析.
主要成果:
- 豆类的前身与草类相比,冬季小麦的产量显著增加,豆冬季小麦 (Mun-W) 的产量比玉米冬季小麦 (Mai-W) 高11.56%.
- 与Mai-W相比,Mun-W轮换导致质蛋白质含量最高 (8. 22%) 和SOM显著增加0. 99%.
- 基于豆类的轮换显示出优异的CCD (62.41%) 和CBI (42.22%),Mun-W达到最高值 (分别为0.84和0.77).
结论:
- 基于豆类的作物轮换,特别是豆冬季小麦,为冬季小麦产量,蛋白质质质量和土壤营养改善提供了显著的协同效益.
- 之前的豆类作物的遗留效应对土壤有机物和整体系统的生产力产生了积极的影响.
- 建议实施以豆类为基础的作物轮换策略,以可持续地加强冬季小麦生产.
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