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相关概念视频

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

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Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies.
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

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The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
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Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

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A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
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Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
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Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

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Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
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在萨格勒布的一家医院引起VIM-1和VIM-4阳性Proteus mirabilis的爆发

Branka Bedenić1,2, Gernot Zarfel3, Josefa Luxner3

  • 1Biomedical Research Institute-BIMIS, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
PubMed
概括

在克罗地亚的一家精神病院发生了耐卡巴胺Proteus mirabilis (CRPM) 疫情. 这些广泛耐药 (XDR) 的CRPM分离物产生VIM-1和VIM-4金属β-乳酸酶,限制了治疗选择.

关键词:
CTX-M-15 其他类动物在VIM疫情的蔓延多种药物耐药性

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科学领域:

  • 临床微生物学和传染病
  • 抗菌药物耐药性
  • 分子流行病学

背景情况:

  • 虫是尿道和伤口感染的常见原因.
  • 对扩展频谱头素 (ESC) 的耐药性是由ESBL或p-AmpC介导的.
  • 由于碳胺酶的产生,耐碳胺P.mirabilis (CRPM) 的出现构成重大威胁.

研究的目的:

  • 在克罗地亚萨格勒布的一家精神病院调查CRPM感染的爆发.
  • 描述与疫情相关的P.奇迹菌分离物的抗菌性机制.

主要方法:

  • 使用磁盘扩散和稀释方法进行抗生素敏感性测试.
  • 使用表型测试 (DDST,MHT,CIM,eCIM) 查ESBL,p-AmpC和卡巴酶.
  • 对抗性基因 (VIM-1,VIM-4,blaCTX-M-15,blaTEM) 的分子鉴定和等离子体表征 (PBRT,WGS).

主要成果:

  • 分析了20个CRPM分离物,这些分离物对多种抗生素,包括ESC和卡巴胺具有耐药性.
  • 表型测试表明ESBL的产生和金属β-乳糖酶 (MBL) 的活性.
  • 通过PCR和WGS检测出了VIM-1和VIM-4碳酶,以及blaCTX-M-15,blaTEM以及各种氨基糖化物,硫胺,trimethoprim,氨基醇和四环素耐药基因.

结论:

  • 在一家精神病院发现了CRPM的流行,其特点是具有广泛耐药性 (XDR) 的表型.
  • 存在VIM-1和VIM-4碳酶导致治疗选择有限.
  • 这项研究是克罗地亚首次报告产生卡巴酶的P. mirabilis.