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动物和暴露的人类血清监测对动物流感疾病流行病学研究的作用和贡献:范围审查

Rebecca Badra¹, Wenqing Zhang², John S L Tam³

¹Human Link, Dubai Multi Commodities Centre, Dubai P.O. Box 48800, United Arab Emirates.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 28, 2025

概括

对动物和人类病毒性流感的血清监测至关重要,但未得到充分利用. 这一回顾强调了对伴侣动物和野生哺乳动物的有限研究,强调需要更好地整合到一体健康战略中,以应对疫情.

科学领域:

动物医学
公共卫生
流行病学

背景情况:

动物性流感病毒,特别是H5N1,由于越来越多的跨物种传播,对全球健康构成越来越大的风险.
世界卫生组织 (WHO) 优先加强对流感的监测,疫苗开发,诊断和疫情准备.
血清监测对于了解流感病毒的流行和传播模式至关重要.

研究的目的:

从2017年到2024年对动物和暴露的人类动物流感的血清监测进行全球研究.
确定动物性流感的血清监测方法的进展.
评估当前研究的范围和识别知识差距.

主要方法:

根据PRISMA-ScR指南进行系统范围审查.
在PubMed搜索了2017年1月至2024年3月期间发表的英语同行评审文章.
包括对动物 (野生/家禽) 或职业暴露的人类的血清监测研究,以及新的方法.

主要成果:

包括来自33个国家的90项研究,涵盖25种动物.
大多数血清流行研究集中在家禽和猪身上;对伴侣动物和野生哺乳动物的监测是有限的.
新兴的多重测试和基于纳米体的测试方法有前景,但面临实施挑战.

结论:

血清监测是监测动物感染性流感的一个未充分利用但至关重要的工具.
整合到一个健康框架对于早期检测和疫情准备至关重要,特别是在高风险地区.
需要进一步研究以解决当前监测的局限性,包括方法的异质性和范围的限制.

关键词:

动物与人之间的接口家庭动物血清学监测野生动物动物性流感病毒

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