移民和本土患者的人类结核病:十年的单一中心经验
Isabel García Soriano1, Mónica Romero1,2, Isabel Gascón3
1Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital General Universitario de Elda-FISABIO, 03600 Elda, Spain.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 28, 2025
概括
移民和本土结核病患者的治疗结果相似. 然而,男性和高C反应蛋白 (CRP) 水平患者的不良结果更为常见,这表明需要针对性干预.
科学领域:
- 流行病学
- 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 全球移民流动正在增加,影响疾病流行病学.
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题,特别是在不同的人群中.
- 了解移民与土著人口的结核病呈现和结果对于有效控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在特定卫生区的移民和本土患者之间比较结核病例.
- 确定与结核病患者不良治疗结果相关的因素.
- 评估移民对结核病流行病学和患者管理的影响.
主要方法:
- 追溯分析队列研究.
- 在2013年至2023年期间在西班牙埃尔达卫生区诊断出98名肺结核患者的分析.
- 移民和土著群体之间的人口统计数据,临床表现,治疗结果和风险因素的比较.
主要成果:
- 移民占结核病例的29.6%,年轻,主要是男性,并有较少的并发症和较低的物质使用率.
- 在这两组中,肺结核的患病率为82%;发现了9例耐药结核病例.
- 两组之间没有发现治愈率,死亡率或住院率的显著差异.
- 在男性和患有高C反应蛋白 (CRP) 或较高CRP/ 白蛋白比率 (p=0. 033) 的患者中,不良结果 (死亡率,治疗失败,随访损失) 较为频繁.
- 移民对随访和药物耐药性的损失较高的趋势并不显著.
结论:
- 移民占结核病例的很大一部分,并且具有不同的人口特征.
- 虽然整体治疗结果相似,但CRP水平升高和男性性别等特定因素与不良结果有关.
- 为了改善结核病管理和减少不良结果,需要对包括移民在内的高风险群体进行进一步的针对性干预研究.
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