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一次剂量内或肌内注射的基于小鼠腺病毒的H1N1疫苗诱导了强烈的幽默反应和完整的保护

Daria V Voronina¹, Irina V Vavilova¹, Olga V Zubkova¹

¹N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology & Microbiology, Ministry of Health, Moscow 123098, Russia.

|August 28, 2025

概括

一种携带 H1N1 血凝素 (HA) 的新型猿类腺病毒载体在小鼠中显示出完全的保护性. 这种鼻腔疫苗候选为抗击流感病毒流行提供了有前途的新策略.

科学领域:

病毒学
免疫学
疫苗学

背景情况:

尽管有疫苗和抗病毒药物,但季节性流感疫情仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
开发有效且易于获得的流感疫苗对于预防疾病至关重要.

研究的目的:

构建和评估表达H1N1流感病毒血凝素 (HA) 的复合性猿类腺病毒25型载体.
在小鼠模型中通过肌内 (IM) 和鼻内 (IN) 途径给药,评估这种载体的免疫性和保护效果.

主要方法:

构建一个复制缺陷的猿类腺病毒25型载体 (rSAd25-H1),编码全长的H1N1 HA.
使用 rSAd25- H1 给小鼠进行免疫接种.
系统性和粘膜性幽默性免疫反应的评估 (IgG,IgA,血液凝结抑制).
对致命同类H1N1流感的保护功效的评估.

主要成果:

一次通过IM或IN途径的rSAd25- H1诱导了强大的全身IgG和血液凝结抑制抗体反应.
通过鼻腔注射在血清和呼吸道粘膜中产生独特的IgA.
通过单一剂量最高的病毒颗粒度 (10^10) 实现了对致命的H1N1感染的完全保护,不管用什么方式.

结论:

基于类腺病毒的25型载体有效地引起对H1N1流感的强烈免疫反应.
rSAd25- H1 载体显示出作为呼吸道病原体的鼻腔疫苗候选者的巨大潜力.
该平台的进一步开发可能会改善流感疫苗策略.

关键词:

ChAd68 时间艾滋病病毒美国25 腺病毒载体人体免疫力流感的

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