挪威海洋的开源海洋生物多样性数据质量149年:深海采矿开放区的知识差距
Laura C Paiba-García1, Geir Johnsen1,2, Sam Wenaas Perrin3
1Department of Biology Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway.
Ecology and evolution
|August 28, 2025
概括
挪威,格陵兰和巴伦茨海的海洋物种生物多样性显示出时空模式. 对于深海底生物多样性存在重大知识缺口,这对于与深海采矿相关的环境影响评估至关重要.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学
- 海洋学
- 环境科学
背景情况:
- 挪威大陆架的深海采矿是迫在眉的,需要强有力的环境管理战略.
- 尽量减少采矿的影响和确定关键的生态保护区对于可持续的资源管理至关重要.
- 了解海洋生物多样性模式对于准确的环境影响评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定挪威,格陵兰和巴伦茨海的海洋物种生物多样性的时空模式.
- 为挪威的环境影响评估提供相关的基于面积的生物多样性指数.
- 评估当前生物多样性数据是否适用于深海采矿影响评估.
主要方法:
- 从1876年到2025年编制和质量控制的开源生物多样性数据,包括历史探险档案.
- 将10505496个海洋现象分为浅 (<500m) 和深 (≥500m) 的数据集,再分为浮游生物和谷底生物的数据集.
- 在122,955个网格细胞中分析了空间分布和物种丰富性.
主要成果:
- 确定了海洋物种分布的时空模式,从南向北的物种丰富度达到顶峰.
- 发现97%的事件发生在浅水 (<500米),只有3%发生在深海地区 (≥500米).
- 突出了挪威深海采矿区内地底生物多样性的重大知识差距.
结论:
- 目前的深海生物多样性数据不足以量化环境影响评估的面积生物多样性指数.
- 关于深海采矿的决策需要结合来自不同时空尺度的深海地区的数据.
- 迫切需要在深海环境中加强数据收集,以制定有效的环境管理和保护战略.
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