在阻力冲刺中激活后的性能提升:不同负载和休息间隔对100米冲刺段的影响
Weixiong Chen1, Dexing Qian1, Huaichuan Zhang2
1School of Sports Engineering, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Frontiers in physiology
|August 28, 2025
概括
在短跑运动员中,抵抗冲刺诱导后激活增强 (PAPE) 的最佳条件是10%的体重负荷和8分钟的休息时间. 这种组合显著改善了早期的冲刺段,
科学领域:
- 运动科学
- 生物力学
- 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 激活后增强强度 (PAPE) 是一种短暂的高强度运动可以提高后续的爆炸性性能.
- 了解诱导PAPE的最佳参数对于提高运动员冲刺表现至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究耐力冲刺诱导的PAPE对100米冲刺表现的急性影响.
- 检查不同负载条件 (5%,10%,15%体重) 和休息间隔 (4,8,12分钟) 对PAPE的影响.
- 分析PAPE对细分冲刺表现 (0-30 m,30-60 m,60-100 m) 的影响.
主要方法:
- 十名男大学短跑运动员参加了随机交叉设计, 在19天内完成了9次实验.
- 每个试验都包括40米耐力冲刺,然后在特定的负载休息组合下进行100米冲刺.
- 使用SmartSpeedTM计时门测量冲刺表现,重点是分段时间.
主要成果:
- 体重负荷为10%,休息间隔为8分钟,导致PAPE效应最显著.
- 这种最佳状态导致0-30米和30-60米冲刺段的显著改善.
- 在60-100米段没有观察到显著的性能提升,较低 (5%) 或较高 (15%) 的负载显示出不一致的效果.
结论:
- 耐力冲刺训练可以有效地诱导PAPE提高冲刺表现,特别是在初始和中间阶段.
- 10%的体重负荷和8分钟的休息时间似乎是最大限度地提高大学短跑者的PAPE效益的最佳参数.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索不同的群体或训练模式,以优化PAPE的各种运动项目.
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