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在SARS-CoV-2中反复出现的Spike A222V突变增强了初级鹿肺细胞的复制

Chelsea Cereghino^1,2, Kateland Tiller^1,2, Lin Kang^3,4,5

¹Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, 205 Duck Pond Drive, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine at Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.

Virus evolution

|August 28, 2025

概括

严重急性呼吸系统冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 突变可以适应动物,可能增加人类的溢出风险. 这表明动物群体需要进行监测.

科学领域:

病毒学
进化生物学
一个健康

背景情况:

严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 由于其感染人类和动物的能力,在One Health框架内构成重大威胁.
识别使病毒适应动物宿主的突变对于防止持续的动物储存和随后的人类溢出事件至关重要.

研究的目的:

使用实验进化和流行病学数据,识别和描述适应动物宿主的SARS-CoV-2突变.
确定已识别的突变对人类和动物细胞的复制的影响.

主要方法:

SARS-CoV-2 传入了人类,狗,猫,和白尾鹿的表达ACE2受体的细胞.
通过病毒群体的测序以确定适应性突变.
对人类和动物衍生菌株的融合进化模式的SARS-CoV-2序列的分析.
人类和动物肺细胞中SARS-CoV-2变体 (Spike A222V) 的构建和复制评估.

主要成果:

在猫ACE2表达细胞中发现的Spike A222V突变也在人类和动物的SARS-CoV-2序列中发现.
带有A222V尖端的SARS-CoV-2在人类肺细胞中类似于野生类型的复制,但在鹿肺细胞中表现出增强的复制,独立于鹿 ACE2受体.
通过人类,狗,猫和鱼ACE2受体感染导致斯派克A222V变异的复制减少.

结论:

斯派克A222V是一种可能适应鹿的突变.
需要进行进一步的研究,以评估A222V对鹿和其他易受感染的动物物种的传播的重要性.

关键词:

A222V 其他冠状病毒主体适应一个白尾鹿

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