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美国的C型肝炎监测:过去,现在和未来
Laurie K Barker1, Mona Doshani1, Ruth B Jiles1
1Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
尽管有治疗方法,但美国的C型肝炎监测数据显示有大量的感染和死亡. 加强数据系统对于实现到2030年消除C型肝炎的目标至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 流行病学
- 传染病监测
背景情况:
- 在美国,C型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题,每年有数百万人受到影响,数千人死亡.
- 自2013年以来,C型肝炎的治愈方法已经开始使用,但仍有大量的发病率和死亡率.
- 现有的公共卫生监测系统在获取及时数据方面存在局限性,特别是对于高风险人群.
研究的目的:
- 审查美国型肝炎监测的历史,趋势和投资.
- 突出需要现代化和整合的数据系统来监测消除C型肝炎的进展.
- 找出用于全面监测的额外数据来源的机会.
主要方法:
- 分析国家可报告疾病监测系统,国家健康和营养检查调查和国家生命统计系统的数据.
- 对型肝炎监测的历史趋势和近期投资的回顾.
- 讨论当前监控系统的局限性和加强数据整合的可能性.
主要成果:
- 据估计,2022年出现了67,400例新的C型肝炎病毒感染.
- 在2017年1月至2020年3月期间,大约有220万成年人患有C型肝炎.
- 在2022年,超过12,700人死于与型肝炎相关的原因.
结论:
- 目前的美国型肝炎监测系统需要加强和现代化,以实现2030年消除目标.
- 整合来自商业实验室,卫生系统和为弱势群体服务的计划的数据至关重要.
- 提高数据互操作性和利用多个数据来源是有效控制和消除型肝炎的关键.
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