炎症和B细胞激活定义了预测HIV患者结核的血蛋白质签名
Katharina Kusejko1,2, Mohammad Arefian3, Diane Duroux4,5,6
1Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.
mBio
|August 28, 2025
概括
新的生物标志物可以预测艾滋病毒感染者的结核病进展情况. 血蛋白质学和机器学习发现了免疫变化,包括B细胞激活,这表明早期发现和预防结核病的潜力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 蛋白质组学
- 机器学习
- 艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究
背景情况:
- 改善的生物标志物对于预测结核病 (TB) 的进展至关重要,特别是在面临高风险的HIV患者中.
- 目前对驱动结核病进展的生物事件的了解有限.
研究的目的:
- 使用机器学习识别可预测艾滋病毒感染者的活跃结核病进展的血蛋白质特征.
- 在这个高风险群体中研究结核病的早期免疫变化.
主要方法:
- 高通量血蛋白学和随机森林机器学习被应用到来自瑞士艾滋病毒队列研究的样本中.
- 分析了91名患有结核病的参与者和293名匹配的对照人群,每个样本量化了613-1283个蛋白质.
主要成果:
- 一个预测模型实现了0.77的曲线下的面积 (AUC) 和0.60的精度回忆曲线下的面积 (AUPRC),明显超过了0.29的预期AUPRC.
- 该模型在预测结核病进展方面具有87.3%的特异性和58.6%的敏感性.
- 进展为结核病的个体的血蛋白体显示系统性炎症,B细胞激活和免疫球蛋白的产生增加.
结论:
- 血蛋白质标记可以预测艾滋病毒感染者的活跃结核病进展情况.
- 早期的免疫变化,包括B细胞激活和幽默反应,都与结核病发病有关.
- 将蛋白质组数据与CD4计数等临床指标相结合,可以提高结核病风险的预测准确性.
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