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在巴塔哥尼亚减少的本地和入侵性大黄蜂之间的耐寒性差异
Josefina Lohrmann1, Nicolás R Cecchetto1,2, Lican E Martínez1
1Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA), Universidad Nacional del Comahue and CONICET, Bariloche, Argentina.
概括
这种本地大黄蜂比侵袭性大黄蜂更耐寒. 然而, 耐寒性并不能解释这种入侵物种在巴塔哥尼亚的占主导地位.
科学领域:
- 生态学
- 进化生物学
- 动物学
背景情况:
- 温度对昆虫的生长和传播有很大影响.
- 可以解释地理分布和入侵成功.
- 在巴塔哥尼亚,本地大黄蜂Bombus dahlbomii正在被入侵性大黄蜂Bombus terrestris所取代.
研究的目的:
- 研究耐寒性在B. dahlbomii被B. terrestris所取代中的作用.
- 确定耐寒性差异是否与物种的地理分布相关.
- 探索这两种大黄蜂耐寒的潜在机制.
主要方法:
- 在南美两种物种的分布中评估最低温度.
- 测量冷昏迷开始和恢复温度以量化寒冷耐受性.
- 检查了形态特征 (体型,头发长度) 作为潜在的适应寒冷.
主要成果:
- 两种物种在它们的分布范围内都会遇到相似的最低温度.
- B. dahlbomii表现出优越的寒冷耐受性,在较低的温度下进入冷昏迷状态,并比B. terrestris更快地恢复.
- 在B. dahlbomii中,体型较大和毛发较长可能有助于保温,但不会给巴塔哥尼亚带来食优势.
结论:
- 寒冷耐受性并不能解释入侵性B. terrestris在巴塔哥尼亚的占主导地位.
- 本地B. dahlbomii具有较大的生理和形态适应寒冷环境.
- B. terrestris的成功很可能归因于其他因素,如耐热性,抗病性或生命史特征.
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