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使用新的神经测量来探索婴儿对威胁的注意力偏差的发展
Alexa D Monachino1, Alexis Hernandez1, Isaac Morales1
1Department of Psychology, University of Southern California.
Developmental psychology
|August 28, 2025
概括
婴儿很早就会对可怕的面孔产生注意力, 这种偏差使用稳定状态视觉唤起的潜力测量,在生命的前两年保持一致.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学
- 认知神经科学
- 神经科学
背景情况:
- 对威胁的注意偏差是一个关键的认知机制,
- 之前关于婴儿注意力偏向威胁的研究已经产生了不一致的结果.
- 稳定状态视觉唤起潜能 (SSVEPs) 是评估视觉皮层处理和注意力的可靠方法.
研究的目的:
- 用情感面部表情研究婴儿注意力偏向威胁的发展轨迹.
- 使用一种新的SSVEP任务来测量婴儿对威胁的注意力偏差.
- 为了确定注意力偏向是否随着年龄的变化在生命的前两年.
主要方法:
- 使用稳定状态视觉唤起潜力 (SSVEP) 范式对118名婴儿 (3至22个月) 进行了研究.
- 婴儿在不同的频率 (6赫兹和7.5赫兹) 看到闪的面孔 (中立或快乐,恐惧或愤怒).
- 通过脑电图 (EEG) 测量频率标记的大脑反应以评估注意力偏差.
主要成果:
- 与其他表情相比, 婴儿对恐惧面孔的脑反应显著增加,
- 这种对恐惧的注意力偏向在7个月以下的婴儿中存在,比之前建议的更早.
- 在前两年没有观察到与年龄相关的显著变化.
结论:
- 这项研究成功地利用SSVEP来证明和测量婴儿期对威胁的注意偏差.
- 与恐惧相关的注意力偏差在发育早期存在,在前两年似乎稳定.
- 这些发现有助于了解威胁处理的基本机制及其发展过程.
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