在CAR-T疗法中抗原逃逸:从血液到固体瘤的瘤微环境视角
Shuai Wang1, Wenying Li1, Jiayi Li1
1Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
International journal of cancer
|August 29, 2025
概括
化学抗原受体T细胞 (CAR-T) 疗法在固体瘤中面临抗原逃逸等挑战. 新的策略集中在克服瘤微环境和增强CAR-T细胞功能,以更好地治疗癌症.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 癌症学
- 生物技术
背景情况:
- 化学抗原受体T细胞 (CAR-T) 疗法在血液癌症中表现有前途,但在抗原逃逸方面存在困难,特别是在固体瘤中.
- 瘤微环境 (TME) 存在重大障碍,包括物理障碍,免疫抑制细胞和代谢竞争,阻碍了CAR- T的有效性.
- 抗原逃逸的机制包括抗原丢失,表位掩盖,血统切换和由于高细胞化导致的CAR功能障碍.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前对固体瘤的CAR-T治疗的挑战,重点是抗原逃逸和TME介导的免疫逃避.
- 探索旨在克服这些局限性并增强CAR-T细胞抗瘤活性的新兴策略和创新方法.
- 概述CAR-T治疗的未来方向,强调协同组合和工程TME重塑.
主要方法:
- 对CAR-T疗法,抗原逃生机制和TME相互作用的文献综述.
- 分析新的CAR-T工程策略,包括多个目标,基因编辑和表观遗传干预.
- 探索先进的治疗概念,如微生物指导标签,纳米技术,装甲CAR-T细胞和自适应CAR系统.
主要成果:
- 确定了抗原逃逸和TME诱导的免疫抑制的关键机制,这些机制限制了CAR-T的有效性.
- 突出了多目标CAR-T,基因编辑细胞和组合疗法的发展,以提高疗效.
- 展示了新兴的策略,如微生物引导的抗原标记,代谢正常化的纳米技术和装甲的CAR-T细胞.
结论:
- 克服抗原逃逸和TME挑战需要创新的CAR-T设计和组合疗法.
- 未来的突破在于具有广泛抗原覆盖的动态CAR系统和使用微生物,病毒或免疫细胞的改造.
- 结合代谢工程和跨学科创新的综合方法对于策划一个多方面的抗瘤生态系统至关重要.
更多相关视频
09:56A Nonviral Approach to Generate Transient Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Using mRNA for Cancer Immunotherapy
Published on: February 21, 2025
791
08:46A Real-time Potency Assay for Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Targeting Solid and Hematological Cancer Cells
Published on: November 12, 2019
53.5K
相关概念视频
Tumor Immunotherapy
659
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
659
The Tumor Microenvironment
6.8K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.8K
