年龄友好型4M框架的认识和实施:需求评估调查
Yu-Hua Fu1,2, Jing Wu3, Barbara Zarowitz1,2
1Department of Practice, Sciences, and Health Outcomes Research, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
|August 29, 2025
概括
药剂师们对年龄友好卫生系统 (AFHS) 倡议的4M意识有所提高,但在评估"移动性"和"心态"方面缺乏舒适性. 需要有针对性的教育来改善综合老年护理.
科学领域:
- 老年人药房
- 卫生系统科学
- 跨专业教育
背景情况:
- 年龄友好型医疗系统 (AFHS) 倡议通过4M促进高质量的老年人护理:"重要的是什么"",药物"",思维"和"流动性".
- 药剂师在实施4M的跨专业团队中起着至关重要的作用,但他们对该框架的熟悉性和舒适性并未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 评估药剂师,特别是美国药剂师协会 (ASCP) 成员对4M框架的认识和舒适度.
- 在4M中确定药剂师可能需要额外的培训和支持的具体领域.
主要方法:
- 对ASCP成员进行了需求评估调查,包括参与者特征,AFHS倡议熟悉度和4M舒适度的38个项目.
- 使用五分利克特等级测量舒适度;分数为4-5表示舒适度,而1-3表示舒适度较低.
- 如果受访者在所有相关项目中得分为4或5,则被认为对4M域名感到满意.
主要成果:
- 在232名受访者中,62.1%的人知道AFHS倡议,但只有20%的人报告了设施层面的参与.
- 药剂师的舒适度在四个方面有显著差异:"药物" (73.3%),"重要的事情" (71.1%),"流动性" (28.9%) 和"记忆" (27.2%).
- 相当多的药剂师表示从未评估过"移动性" (61.2%) 或"精神"领域 (例如,痴呆症53.0%).
结论:
- 药剂师表明需要加强教育和培训,特别是在评估老年人的"移动性"和"思维能力"方面.
- 提高药剂师在药物优化方面的技能和整合4M是以人为中心的老年护理的关键.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来提高药剂师在4M框架的全部应用方面的信心和能力.
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