长期COVID的症状和危险因素:初级保健的跨部门研究
Assel Muratovna Shigayeva Ferreira1, Flávia Emília Leite de Lima Ferreira2, Caio César Ferreira Alverga2
1Center of Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
Journal of medical virology
|August 29, 2025
概括
在轻度至中度的SARS-CoV-2感染后,常见的症状称为长期COVID. 女性性别,年龄较大,多种症状增加患长期COVID的风险.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生
- 流行病学
背景情况:
- 轻度至中度的SARS-CoV-2感染可能导致持续的症状,影响个人超出急性阶段.
- 在初级保健机构了解长期COVID的患病率和风险因素对于有效管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定轻度至中度SARS-CoV-2感染后持续症状 (长期COVID) 的发生情况和危险因素.
- 在初级保健中治疗的成年人中评估症状持续超过3个月.
主要方法:
- 在巴西的六个初级保健单位进行了回顾性横截面调查.
- 226名已确认感染SARS-CoV-2的成年人完成了评估18个验证的临床结果的问卷.
- 用二进制物流回归模型识别长期COVID的危险因素.
主要成果:
- 16种结果与长期COVID显著相关,其中短期记忆丧失,焦虑和注意力丧失最为突出.
- 确定的主要风险因素包括出现≥5个症状,女性性别和特定年龄组 (40-49岁和70岁以上).
- 在没有多种并发症的劳动年龄成年人中观察到高频率的持续症状.
结论:
- 轻度至中度的SARS-CoV-2感染经常导致长期COVID,特别影响工作年龄的成年人.
- 主要护理机构应定期评估与长期COVID相关的临床结果和危险因素.
- 这些发现强调了在初级卫生保健系统内进行综合长期COVID评估和管理的必要性.
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