与健康素养有限的人进行选择谈话和风险沟通:与关键利益相关者进行定性焦点小组研究
Romy Richter1, Esther Giroldi1,2, Maarten Jonkmans1
1Department of Family Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute CAPHRI, Maastricht, Netherlands.
PloS one
|August 29, 2025
概括
量身定制的,多层次的沟通和视觉辅助工具改善了健康素养有限的患者的共同决策 (SDM). 这些策略提高了对治疗选择和风险沟通 (RC) 的理解,以获得更好的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 关于健康的信息
- 患者教育
- 共同的决策
背景情况:
- 有效的沟通对于共同决策至关重要.
- 有限健康素养 (LHL) 的患者在理解健康信息方面面临挑战.
- 需要定制的沟通策略来支持LHL患者的SDM.
研究的目的:
- 在SDM框架内调查利益相关者关于讨论治疗选择和风险沟通 (RC) 的观点.
- 确定可接受和可行的方法来改善LHL患者的SDM.
主要方法:
- 使用不同利益相关方的重点小组进行定性描述性研究:健康素养,SDM和RC专家;全科医生 (GPs);以及LHL患者.
- 焦点小组对SDM,选项讨论和RC进行了介绍,随后就各种RC战略和决策辅助工具进行了讨论.
- 数据分析采用两个独立研究人员的归纳和演内容分析.
主要成果:
- 利益相关者强调要根据患者的情况进行沟通,并承认在识别LHL患者方面存在困难.
- 视觉辅助,如治疗选择的插图,被强调为有益的讨论.
- 患有LHL的患者更喜欢自然频率和图标阵列的RC,尽管注意到恐惧诱导的潜力. 整体医生发现上下文是有帮助的, 但患者发现它令人困惑.
- 那些患有LHL的人更喜欢面对面,分层,逐步的讨论,根据患者的偏好提供RC细节.
结论:
- 通过采用视觉辅助工具的量身定制的多层次沟通方法,增强了健康素养有限的患者的共享决策 (SDM).
- 这些策略可能为所有患者群体带来更广泛的益处,因此需要进一步研究.
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